Timber Value Chain Products

Lumber, also known as timber, is wood that has been processed into beams and planks. It is primarily used in construction for framing houses, bridges, and other structures. Lumber is also a key material in furniture making, cabinetry, and flooring. Types of lumber include hardwoods like oak, maple, and cherry, as well as softwoods like pine, fir, and spruce. Each type of lumber has specific properties making it suitable for different applications, such as strength, workability, and resistance to decay.

Plywood is made by gluing together thin layers of wood, with the grain of each layer perpendicular to the one before. This construction gives plywood its strength and stability, making it ideal for use in building construction, furniture, and cabinetry. Veneer refers to thin slices of wood glued onto core panels (like plywood, particleboard, or fiberboard) to produce flat panels such as doors, tops, and panels for cabinets. Veneer can be made from both softwoods and hardwoods and is often used for decorative purposes.

Particleboard and fiberboard are engineered wood products made from wood chips, sawdust, and resin. Particleboard is created by pressing wood particles together with adhesive, forming a dense, uniform panel. Fiberboard, including medium-density fiberboard (MDF), is made from wood fibers bonded under high pressure. These products are widely used in the manufacturing of furniture, cabinetry, and shelving due to their affordability and ease of finishing. They are not as strong as plywood but offer a smooth surface for painting or laminating.

Paper and pulp are produced from wood fibers derived from trees. Pulp is the raw material used to manufacture paper, made by chemically or mechanically breaking down wood. Paper products vary widely, from printing and writing paper to packaging materials like cardboard. The pulp and paper industry plays a crucial role in producing everyday items and packaging materials essential for shipping and storage.

Engineered wood products, such as laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and cross-laminated timber (CLT), are made by bonding together wood strands, veneers, or fibers with adhesives to create strong and durable materials. LVL is used for beams, headers, and rim board, providing superior strength and uniformity compared to solid wood. CLT is used in constructing walls, floors, and roofs, offering sustainability and efficiency in modern building design. These products are prized for their structural capabilities and are increasingly used in large-scale construction projects.

Fuelwood refers to wood that is harvested for use as fuel, primarily for cooking, heating, and other energy needs. It is an essential source of energy for millions of people, especially in rural areas and developing countries where other fuel sources may be scarce or expensive. Fuelwood is often obtained from various tree species, including both hardwoods and softwoods, as well as shrubs and woody plants. It is typically burned in stoves, fireplaces, or traditional open fires to provide warmth and cook food.